The “other Catholic” at my place of work mentioned today that another of our coworkers had voiced a loud objection of the use of a crucifix as opposed to a simple empty cross. I figured it had been a while since I had pulled together some apologetics resources on a particular topic, so, here goes.
First, the objection itself is simple. Fundamentalists (remember, these are the people who think that if there’s an image of anything within the walls of the church building then we must be worshipping the image, which creates a logical problem if they have an empty cross displayed anywhere) say that Catholics are stuck on Good Friday while they’ve moved on to Easter. That is, Catholics think Jesus is still on the cross, whereas Protestants don’t.
Karl Keating points out the fallacy to this contention. And empty cross is not the symbol of anything, because every person who the Romans ever crucified was eventually taken down from the cross. And empty cross means the ghastly business is done and the executioner is awaiting his next victim. Keating suggests that a better symbol if the claim of “we’ve moved on to Easter” is to hold true would be a depiction of an empty tomb. Have you ever seen a depiction of an empty tomb attached to a steeple or displayed within the walls of a church all year round? Another point - the Mass is the re-presentation of Christ’s sacrifice (which the Catechism tells us was a one time thing, thus it’s an unbloody re-presentation) therefore the crucifix is a logical image of that event.
Apologist John Martignoni has a brief piece on this topic in his 2-minute apologetics repertoire, and I will just quote it directly here:
check out 1st Corinthians, chapter 1, verse 23. Paul says, “…but we preach Christ crucified…” Why does Paul preach Christ crucified? Doesn’t he know Jesus has been raised from the dead? Of course he does! But, he knows that it is through the power of the crucified Christ on the cross that the bonds of sin and death are broken. As Paul says in verse 24, Christ crucified is the “power of God”.
1 Cor 2:2, “For I decided to know nothing among you except Jesus Christ and Him crucified.” Again, didn’t Paul know that Jesus had risen from the dead? Of course, he did.
Paul preaches Christ crucified because an empty cross has no power. The cross that bears the beaten, battered, and bloodied body of Jesus Christ, however, that cross is the “power of God”. This is why, we “keep Jesus on the cross,” because we, too, preach Christ crucified. The Crucifix reminds us not only of God’s power, but also His love for us - giving His only begotten Son up for suffering and death.
Also, here in this life we do not share so much in the glory of the Resurrection, as we do in the suffering of Jesus on the cross; after all, we must take up our cross daily if we are to follow Jesus, as it says in Lk 9:23.
And, we must die with Christ in order to live with Him as Romans 6:8 tells us. Where did Christ die? On the cross. The Crucifix serves to remind us of these things.
I happen to really like Martignoni’s style. He’s a little stinging and sarcastic. It comes across as almost a bit “mean” in his writing, but if you hear him speak, his delivery style makes it so conversational and disarming. And besides, you have to be careful not to take yourself too seriously when set upon by uninformed anti-Catholics…the humor he uses helps you maintain sanity. The piece-de-resistance:
One other passage to keep in mind is Galatians 3:1, “O foolish Galatians! Who has bewitched you, before whose eyes Jesus Christ was publicly portrayed as crucified?” Did you catch that? Jesus was publicly portrayed, before their “eyes”, as being crucified. Sounds kind of like they may have been looking at a Crucifix, doesn’t it?
Phil Thompson is in the Orthodox Church, a Church which is united with Rome in her understanding of the Eucharist as well as Sacred Tradition. He makes several good points. He explains that the cross isn’t a symbol of the resurrection, because there are already icons of the ressurection in the Orthodox Church. This applies to the Catholic church as well (at least the ones that haven’t been turned into stark, ugly bunkers by the likes of Vosko.) At my local parish, the stained glass depicts Christ the King, for example (as well as the Sacred Heart of Jesus, and the Good Shepherd.) Christ couldn’t be king if we still thought he was stuck on the cross. Another point made by Mr. Thompson is that we worship Christ, not the cross. An empty cross is like an empty flagpole. People don’t salute the flagpole, they salute the flag. Kind of like Keating’s point about how an empty cross doesn’t tell a specific story, and Martignoni’s point about how an empty cross has no power (straight from the Bible!)
Mary Beth Kramski of Catholic Answers echoes several of the aforementioned points, but she also mentions that Protestant films graphically display the crucifixion. She also says,
If the suffering and work of Calvary are, as some Protestants claim, past history, leaving nothing for us to do, then maybe using only a plain cross might make sense—maybe. But when we know that Jesus is inviting each of us to join him at Calvary, the value of the crucifix in helping us respond to him becomes obvious. This call to suffer with Christ is an invitation to transforming love. Through the experience of the cross, we touch the inner heart of God. The saints tell us that’s where joy and power reside.
Although not explicitly stated as a tenet of faith, in many Protestant denominations the work and suffering of the crucifixion are seen as being fixed in the past. Now is the time to reap the fruits—-salvation, healing, deliverance. The suffering is over; the work is done. (The “health and wealth” teachers take this idea to the extreme. No suffering for us—just the perks.)
And a “zinger” of sorts with which one can wow any non-liturgical Protestant:
The Catholic Church celebrates Easter for 50 days—not including each Sunday of the year, which are seen as “little” Easters. The Mass never fails to proclaim the resurrection of Christ. And the Church’s daily prayer, the Liturgy of the Hours, is filled with Scripture and prayers rejoicing in the resurrection.
I count at least 100 celebrations of Easter in the liturgical calendar…versus Protestantism’s celebration of Easter once a year. As the kids on the ‘net say, Catholic Church FTW!
Seriously though, the whole point is that this is a pretty easy objection to debunk…a little bit of Scripture to show that there’s no power in an empty cross, and a logical look at the Catholic Church’s record when it comes to celebrating Easter.
Nonetheless, if you are hungry for more, you can’t miss with Steve Ray’s treatment of the issue…he looks at the history of crucifixes and crosses, and sets everything in proper order (and no, I didn’t drag myself through all 14 pages.)