One of my co-workers emailed me today, asking essentially why the Catholic Church was in such an uproar over the guy stealing the Eucharist from a Catholic Center Mass at University of Central Florida. He cited this article. The Curt Jester covered it a few days ago, and had a substantially longer article, a good bit more detailed than the one my co-worker saw. (read both articles before continuing to read this post.)
Well, I had to give my co-worker an explanation of what the big deal was…remember, he’s a protestant. There’s not a short explanation that will suffice to explain the gravity of what Mr. Cook did. So on goes my apologetics hat…and here we go:
Cook is (or maybe was) Catholic, and he took a non-Catholic friend to Mass with him on the UCF campus. The friend wanted to see what a Communion host looks like, so Cook received Communion in the hand (as is traditionally accepted in the USA) but instead of immediately consuming, he took it back to his seat. One of the Eucharistic Ministers (lay people who assist in distributing Communion when it would be impractical for the priest to distribute to every single person himself) noticed he hadn’t consumed it, and confronted him on it. The Catechism as well as the General Instructions for the Roman Missal (aka the liturgical norms) state that the Eucharist is to be consumed immediately upon receipt. So, when she confronted him, he refused to consume it, rather got away from her; rather than do what he claims he originally intended and consume it upon reaching his seat after showing it to his friend, he instead put it in a plastic bag and held it “hostage” in his dorm for a week. On top of that, he mounted a campaign in the student government of UCF to try and have the Catholic Center on campus’s funding taken away, and filed an abuse claim against the Catholic Center on campus. Other officials within the student government of the school called the Catholic Center and apologized for the guy’s actions.
Now, in terms of whether it’s a “hate crime,” essentially Cook committed a crime against himself and against God according to the Catholic way of thinking. Since we believe that the Holy Spirit changes the substance of bread and wine into the Body, Blood, Soul, and Divinity of Christ, the vessels we use to contain and store the Eucharist are made of precious metals in order to show proper respect to the Real Presence of Christ. When there are excess consecrated hosts, we store them in the tabernacle, which is in a prominent place in the church, and is typically very ornate, made of precious metal (typically gold), and there’s a red candle placed nearby so anyone passing through will know Christ is present there reserved in the tabernacle, and is invited to kneel and pray before the Eucharist. It is permissible for Eucharistic ministers to take communion from the church to shut-ins or hospitalized parishioners, but they carry it in a container, again, made of precious metals, and have very specific instructions on its handling.
Presumably, as a college student, Cook has received substantial catechesis through the years on the sacredness and importance of the Eucharist. This would have started when he was a very small boy, continued with his first confession and first communion when he was 8 years old or thereabouts, and then his Confirmation around age 16. That he has chosen to remain faithful following Confirmation now that he’s at college away from mom and dad “forcing” him to go to church implies that he has some knowledge and understanding of the importance of the Eucharist, because, as has been repeatedly said in Church teaching, the Eucharist is the source and summit of Christian life.
In Catholic philosophy, there are 2 types of sin – venial sin and mortal sin. Venial sins cloud up our relationship with God, but they are not capable of totally cutting us off from Grace in the way that mortal sins are; essentially, mortal sins create a block between us an God which remains until we repent (and the way we do that is the Sacrament of Reconciliation, at which time the priest acting in persona Christi assures us of our absolution – read that carefully, the priest doesn’t forgive sins, he simply quotes Jesus and assures us of forgiveness, but that’s a topic for another time altogether.) Three conditions must be met for something to constitute mortal sin: 1) it must be a grave matter, 2) the person must know it’s a grave matter, and 3) it must be committed of the person’s own free will. If any one of these conditions is not met then while still sin, it may not be considered mortal. A good example of this is when hostages are forced to renounce their faith at the point of a gun; yes, it’s grave, they know it’s grave, but they aren’t doing it of their own free will – thus it is not a mortal sin.
So let’s apply the conditions to what Cook did. Deliberately disrespecting the Eucharist by not either consuming it or properly reserving it is definitely a grave matter; by virtue of being an adult Catholic, Cook presumably knows this; and he admits he did it of his own free will. Of course I can’t read his soul to tell whether he was fully cognizant of the gravity of what he was doing, I’m just guessing. But to me it looks like if he disrespected (dare I say blasphemed against) the Eucharist, and is unrepentant, he has essentially excommunicated himself – that is, he has removed him self from communion with God and with the Church. It would not be a stretch to say that he is messing with his eternal destiny…I will not make a statement specifically one way or another, but I will say he is treading in dangerous territory.
The good news for him, is that God and the Church seek reconciliation with him. If he wishes to be reconciled to the Church all he has to do is repent through making a good confession (and if he’s a Catholic, he knows this and presumably subscribes to this belief)– one in which he examines his conscience and states by his words and actions that he is contrite about what he did. The confessional is in parallel with the parable of the prodigal son – the father runs out to greet him, saying that this song who was lost is found, who was dead is alive again. God welcomes the penitent back into His house, and at that point, since God’s forgiven him, so should the rest of the community. I think what’s bugging the people who are reacting uncharitably to this guy is that even though he claims Catholicism as his faith, he is unrepentant about what he did and is in fact making it as big of a deal as he can. That said, it’s absolutely inappropriate for him to receive death threats (if God wants to take him out, He doesn’t need any help); charitable reminders about the gravity of what he has done are not problematic (Biblical explanation of Church Discipline, etc.) but uncharity towards him is a big problem. I would hope that the pastors in the area are telling their parishioners what is and is not appropriate for this situation. And I hope some priests have been in touch with him, inviting him back to get things straightened out.
The Eucharistic Minister did the right thing in confronting Cook at Mass. The Church has a big problem all around the world with wiccans and other occult groups trying to obtain consecrated hosts for their rituals, and really the only way to do it is to receive Communion and then hide the host rather than consuming it. I haven’t heard much detail but I know some of these groups believe that in fact the Eucharist is what Catholics believe it is, and they believe that by using a consecrated host in their rituals they can increase the power of evil (or satan or whatever) over good.
Situations like this do point out a reason why some folks are strongly in favor of eliminating the practice of receiving Communion in the hand (which is almost unique to the USA) and revert to receiving only on the tongue – that is the priest places the host on your tongue and you consume it – you don’t really have the option of not consuming it because it’s already in your mouth.
My co-worker responded: ” I see why there’s such an uproar. They didn’t mention the malicious other actions this guy took. No wonder the church is upset about this and takes these actions very seriously. Thanks for enlightening me on this situation.”
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